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发表于 2012-9-9 19:04:19
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12. FMC-related Terms FMC 相关术语
The United States government takes the position that all practices related to cargo moving via CHINA SHIPPING to or from the United States are subject to the rules of the United States government, even though the practice occurs in China or in some other place outside The United States, and even though the Merchant or agent never goes to the United States.
美国政府的政策定位是凡,中海‟承运的美国进出口货物的运作均应受控于美国政府有关政策规定，即使此类运作仅发生在中国或在美国以外的国家或地方；抑或发货人或其代理从来就没有到过美国。
FMC Federal Maritime Commission 美国联邦海事委员会
Enforcement Bureau FMC 的执行局
Coast Guard 美国海上警卫队
CBP Customs and Border Protection 美国海关边防总署
ICB International Carrier Bond 国际承运人保证金
TIB Temporary Importation Bond 临时进口保证金
For shipments entering the U.S. on temporary basis
Surety 担保 （保证金）
ATFI Automated Tariff Filing and Information System 自动费率报备系统
TARIFF（RATE）FILING 费率（运价）报备
AMENDMENT FILING 修改运价报备
OSRA Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 1998 航运改革法
DPI Distribution-Publications Inc. 美国一家运价费率报备公司
Violations 违规操作
Penalty 罚款
Suspend a carrier‟tariff 吊销承运人运价本
Compel production of documents and answers to questions 强行要求出具文件、单证；对所提问题作出答复
Entering into a S/C with 与。。。签定服务合同
Knowingly and willful y 明知故犯
File a complaint 投诉
Operating under an un-filed agreement 按未经报备的所谓合同进行运输
Operating under an agreement that has yet to become effective under law 按尚未生效的合约进行运输
Misrating a bill of lading is a violation of the Shipping Act regardless of intent 无论动机是好或是不好，错定运价即是违反（84）航运法
Unreasonable discrimination or preference 不合理的歧视和偏袒
Unfair or unreasonable to deal 不公平或不合理的拒绝运输
Retaliation 报复
Monitor Carrier Rates 监督承运人运价
Purpose - to prevent unreasonable discrimination among shippers.
目的－保护托运人免受不合理的歧视
Require publication of tariff rates.
要求公布运价本
有船承运人和无船承运人
Require filing of confidential service contract rates.
要求对保密性的服务合同运价登记
FMC does not approve rates.
FMC 不对运价进行审批
Exception: controlled carriers.
例外：受控承运人
Petitioner request the Commission to determine whether CSA‟s members have violated the Shipping Act through discriminatory service contracting and rating practices in the Caribbean trades that intentionally discriminate against OTIs in violation of sections 10…
控方请求海事委员会裁定„加勒比船东协会‟成员公司采取签署旨在歧视远洋运输中介的服务合同和确定运价的做法是否违反了航运法第 10 节。。。
NVOCC OTIs depend upon the member lines to transport their shipments, approximately 90% of which move under service contracts.
远洋运输中介中的无船承运人得依靠成员公司承运货载，大约90%的货是采用服务合同运输的。
Petitioner asserts that the member lines‟ service contract offers to NVOs have Eliminated all commodity rates other than FAK and GDSM, thereby depriving NVOs of a rate basis on which to compete for full container load (FCL), single
commodity shipments.
控方认为公会成员公司给 NVO 签署的服务合同，仅保留了 FAK 和 GDSM 运价，其它所有货种的运价都被取消，从而剥夺了 NVO 赖以竞争的单一货种的整箱货的基价。 |
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