外贸函电常用短语 七、运输和保险

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七、运输和保险
1. cargo 船货，（用车、船、飞机等运输的）货物
2. convey搬运，传达，转让
3. landlocked 为陆地所包围的
4. marine transportation 海洋运输
  land transportation  陆上运输
air transportation 航空运输
5. forwarding agents 货运代理人
6. make out 出具
  make out a cheque for ￡1000 出具一张一千英镑的支票
  make out a bill of lading 出具海洋运输提单
7. liner n.班轮
  应知道全球一些著名的班轮公司：
  A.P. Moller-Maersk A/S A. P.穆勒—马士基有限公司（丹麦）
  Evergreen Marine Corp. (Taiwan) Ltd. 长荣海运股份有限公司（中国台湾）
  Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd. 川崎汽船株式会社 （日本）
  Columbus Line 德国哥伦布航运公司 （德国）
  Hanjin Shipping Co., Ltd. 韩进海运株式会社 （韩国）
  U.S. Lines Limited 美国轮船有限公司 （美国）
  American President Lines Limited 美国总统轮船有限公司 （美国）
  Pacific International Lines (PTE) Ltd. 太平船务有限公司 （新加坡）
  Hyundai Merchant Marine Co., Ltd. 现代商船株式会社 （韩国）
  Lloyd Triestino Dinavigazione S.P.A 意大利邮船公司 （意大利）
  COSCO Container Lines Co., Ltd. 中远集装箱运输有限公司 （中国）
  Sinotrans Container Lines Co., Ltd. 中外运集装箱运输有限公司 （中国）
8. tramp 不定期船
  在海洋运输中，租船运输又叫做不定期船运输，租船运输为shipping by chartering，租船运输方式包括定程租船（voyage charter）、定期租船（time charter）和光船租船（bear boat charter）.
9. carrier 承运人
Free Carrier (FCA) 货交承运人
10. shipping space 舱位
11. lease 租借
Finance Lease也叫Capital Lease资产租赁
lease order租赁单
12.consignor 发货人
  consignee 收货人
13. weight ton 重量吨(又称毛重)
14. measurement ton 尺码顿（又称体积或容积）
15. Ad. Val 从价运费
16. W/M or Ad Val 指在货物的重量、尺码或价值中选择较高的一种收取运费
17. S/S: 直达船
  sailing steamer
  straight steamer
18. container n.集装箱
  集装箱的种类很多，在国际贸易中，最常见的有两种：
  20 英尺集装箱 20 feet container
  40 英尺集装箱 40 feet container
19. Seal No. 集装箱铅封号
20．常见保险：
(1) Insurance of Marine Transportation海运保险：
●Free from Particular Average (F.P.A)平安险
●With Particular Average (W.P.A)水渍险
●All Risks一切险
●General Additional Risks 一般附加险
The P.I.C.C. can underwrite 11 kinds of general additional risks; they are Theft, Pilferage and Non-delivery (T.P.N.D) 偷窃、提货不着险, Fresh Water and/or Rain Damage淡水雨淋险, Shortage短量险, Leakage渗漏险, Intermixture and Contamination混杂、沾污险, Clash and Breakage碰损破碎险, Taint of Odor串味险, Sweating and Heating受热受潮险, Hook Damage钩损险, Breakage of Packing包装破裂险, and Risk of Rust锈损险.
●Special Additional Risks 特别附加险
Failure to Delivery Risk交货不到险, Import Duty Risk进口关税险, On Deck Risk, Rejection Risk拒收险, Aflatoxin Risk黄曲霉素险, War Risk s战争险, Strike Risks罢工险, and Fire Risk Extension Clause, F.R.E.C.-for Storage of Cargo at Destination Hong Kong, including Kowloon, or Macao存仓火险扩展条款.
(2) Insurance of Land transportation陆路运输保险
Overland Transportation Risks陆运险, Overland Transportation All Risks陆运一切险 and Overland Transportation Cargo War Risks路上运输战争险.
(3) Insurance of Air Transportation航空运输保险
air transportation risks航空运输险, air transportation all risks航空运输一切险 and air transportation cargo war risk航空运输战争险.
常见用法：
1. The underwriters are responsible for the claim as far as it is within the scope of cover.
只要是在保险责任范围内，保险公司就应负责赔偿。
2. The loss in question was beyond the coverage granted by us.
损失不包括在我方承保的范围内。
3. What risks is the People’s Insurance Company of China able to cover?
中国人民保险公司承保的险别有哪些？
4. May I ask what exactly insurance covers according to your usual C.I.F terms?
  请问根据你们常用的CIF价格条件，所保的究竟包括哪些险别？
5. The cover paid for will vary according to the type of goods and the circumstances.
保险费用按照货物类别的具体情况会有所不同。
6. I don’t think that the W.P.A insurance covers more risks than the F.P.A.
我认为水渍险承保的范围并不比平安险的范围宽。
7. W.P.A coverage is too narrow for a shipment of this nature, please extend the coverage to include TPND. 针对这种性质的货物只保水渍险是不够的，请加保偷盗提货不成险。
8. As our usual practice, insurance covers basic risks only, at 110 percent of the invoice value. If coverage against other risks is required, such as breakage, leakage, TPND, hook and contamination damages, the extra premium involved would be for the buyer’s account.
按照我们的惯例，只保基本险，按发票金额110%投保。如果要加保其它险别，例如破碎险、渗漏险、盗窃遗失险、钩损和污染险等，额外保险费由买方负担。
9. Owing to the delay in opening the relative L/C, shipment cannot be made as contracted and should be postponed to May 5.
   由于贵方开立信用证迟延，同项下的货物不能及时运出，该运输将推迟至5月5日。
10. The goods have been packed and marked exactly as directed so that they may be shipped by the first ship available towards the end of this month.
   货物已严格按照要求包装妥当，刷好唛头，以便交于本月底前交第一艘可装运的船只运出。
11. It is important that the goods be completed for delivery as stipulated in the L/C, say by 20th October. If not, you should be responsible for any loss that might be caused by the delay of shipment.
   重要的是，货物需按信用证规定，在10月20日前发运，否则，对因延误交货可能造成的任何损失，贵方必须承担责任。
12. As to this loss, it is due to an act of God and your claim should be lodged against the insurance company.
     这项损失由于不可抗力引起，应该向保险公司索赔。
13. Ships may sink or consignments be damaged in transit, exchange rates may alter, buyers default or governments suddenly impose an embargo.
   船舶可能会沉没，货物在运输途中可能受到损坏，汇率可能会变化，买方可能会背信弃义，政府也可能会突然实行禁运。