瑞诺国际分享实用的单证知识不懂，怎么混外贸

red2008

一、 银行是否接受出具日期早于信用证出具日期的单据，如果接受，前提条件是什么？
Will bank accept document that dates prior to the issuance date of L/C? If yes, what’s the precondition?
可以。信用证没有禁止接受出具日期早于信用证出具日期的单据。
Yes. L/C don’t prohibit document that dates prior to the issuance date of L/C.
  
二、 什么时候银行才认为，运输单据上所包括的“clean on board”的条件已经满足？
At what time will bank think “clean on board” meet the conditions on transport document?
一是没有不清洁批注，二是，对于装船提单，无须装船批注；对于收妥待运提单，需装船批注。满足上述两个条件，即可认为，提单已经满足“clean on board”的条件。
First, no foul B/L. Second, for shipped B/L, there is no need to note ON BOARD. For received for shipment B/L, it should be noted with ON BOARD. If it meets these two conditions, then the B/L meet “clean on board”.
  
三、 before 15th April我公司提单签发日期4月15日，可否？
If marks “before 15th April”, can the B/L be issued on  April 15th?
不可以，BEFORE不含当日。
No. BEFORE doesn’t cover that day.
  
四、 L/C上“SHIPPER LOAD AND COUNT”AND“SAID BY SHIPPER TO CONTAIN”可否接受，为何？
Is “SHIPPER LOAD AND COUNT”AND“SAID BY SHIPPER TO CONTAIN” on L/C acceptable? Why?
可以。因为现代运输大多是采用集装箱运输，往往是由托运人在集装箱堆场或集装箱转运站将货物装入集装箱并封印，承运人一般不再开箱查验。所以为了免除自己在这方面的责任，承运人往往会在提单上注明上述两段词语。当然，这种方式也存在隐患：货物有可能不是托运人所声明的种类、数量。
Yes. We usually use containers to transport goods. Consigners load the goods into containers and seal them on container yard and container depot. To be free of their responsibility, carriers will indicate sentences above. Of course, it’s also risky because the kind and quantity may be wrong.
  
五、 开证行收到倒签提单，并有根据，开证行以伪造单据为由提出拒付，可否？
When issuing bank receive antedated B/L, can it refuse to pay for forging document?
不可以。银行只能以单据表面存在不符拒付。但在法律上，可以以伪造单据为由进行抗辩。
No. Bank can only do that for discrepancy in documents. But it can demur for that reason.

六、 L/C最晚装期4月15日，效期4月25日，未规定交单期，若B/L，4月3日，4月15日议付，过期否？
The latest delivery date is April 15th and date of validity is April 25th. No limitation for date of presentation. Will it be expired when negotiating on April 3rd and April 15th with B/L?
答：否。
No
  
七、 DOCUMENTS MUST BE PRESENTED FOR NEGOTIATION WITHIN 10 DAYS，FROM B/L DATE，或AFTER B/L DATE，若B/L为1日，则最晚交单期分别为多少？
DOCUMENTS MUST BE PRESENTED FOR NEGOTIATION WITHIN 10 DAYS，FROM B/L DATE，or AFTER B/L DATE, what respetively is the latest date of presentation if B/L is on 1th?
最晚交单日分别为10日和11日。
The latest date of presentation is 10th and 11th.
  
八、 双到期的L/C，若L/C项下提前发运，则交单期如何？
What’s the date of presentation if L/C asks for advance delivery with L/C that has period of validity and latest date of shipment in common?
交单期在信用证中是否有规定？如有，按照规定的交单期限掌握；若无，则对于双到期的L/C，如果提前发运，则交单期限为该装运日至效期之间的时间。
Then you should be sure whether L/C limits date of presentation or not. If it does, then you should stick to the date. If it doesn’t, then you should deliver the goods in advance. The date of presentation should be within the time between date of delivery and date of validity.
  
九、 SHIPMENT AT 90 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF L/C，ISSUE装运日如何掌握？
what’s the time of shippment for SHIPMENT AT 90 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF L/C，ISSUE?
在开证日后（不含开证日期）的第90天。
90 days after date of issue. (The day is not included.)
  
十、 提单上批注“SHORT SHIPPED ONE BALE”是否构成不清洁提单？
Does “SHORT SHIPPED ONE BALE” make B/L a foul B/L?
短装一包，信用证是否允许？如果不允许，则构成不清洁提单。
You can check if L/C permits short shipped one bale. If not, it is a foul B/L.
  
十一、信用证要求提供的是洁净已装船提单（CLEAN ON BOARDB/L），现船公司签发的联合运输提单是备运（RECEIVED FOR SHIPMENT）提单，该怎么办？
L/C requires CLEAN ON BOARDB/L but CT B/L carrier issues is RECEIVED FOR SHIPMENT. What should we do?
由船公司进行装船批注。
You can ask carrier to make indications.
  
十二、什么是“倒签提单”（ANTEDATED BILL OF LADING） ？什么是“预借提单”（ADVANCED BILL OF LADING）其危害性如何？
What is ANTEDATED BILL OF LADING? What is ADVANCED BILL OF LADING? Are they harmful?
倒签提单是指签发提单时将提单上记载的装船日期提前的提单。
Antedated B/L is B/L with shipping date earlier than before.


预借提单是指货物尚未开始装船或者尚未全部装船的情况下，签发的已装船提单。
Advanced B/L is a kind of shipped B/L which means that the shipment doesn’t begin or doesn't finish.


二者都是将提单的签发日期提前，使得实际日期与提单所记载的日期不符，构成虚假和欺诈，属于违法行为。一旦被发现，承运人可能被诉诸法律。
Both of them advance date of issue and create discrepancy between actual date and date recorded on B/L. It is illegal to do that. Carrier will be accused.

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